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问题: 请教各位下列英语问题

一.When and where to build the factory ____ not decided.横线上填的应是is还是are?
二.My brother and I have been both aboard.这句句子的both 应放在have后,还是been后?就此类型能否为我再举些例子呢?
三.下面有几句反意疑问句很奇怪,想请教一下为什么.
1.I don't think you are right,aren't you ?
I don't think it is a good idea,is it?
这两句都是主句为第一人称的否定句,照例来说应看从句,从句为肯定,反意疑问则为否定,那第一句是对的,但是老师针对第二句讲解时又说,要看整句句子意思,前面的意思是否定,故用is it.做这种题时到底应该怎么办呢?
2.She said he had broken his leg in the game ,hadn't he?为什么不用hadn't she ?不是说,主句为非第一人称时看主句吗,怎么看从句?
3.We think maths is less difficult than physics,isn't it ?
Mary must be unhappy without you at her birthday party ,isn't she ?当从句中有否定意义的词less,unhappy时,依然不用管的吗?为什么不用is it?

解答:

一.When and where to build the factory ____ not decided.

这是主谓一致问题,when and where 是不定式当主语,通常看成一个单数概念,所以是 is 。但如果是 when to build and where to build 当主语,则看成是两个不定式当主语,则用are


二.My brother and I have been both aboard.

both这里相当于副词,按照英语的规则,如果谓语部分出现两个助动词,修饰谓语的副词要放在第一个助动词之后、第二个助动词之前,所以答案应该是 have both been...
更多例子:
I will certainly be happy to see you again. 中的certainly也是这样

三.下面有几句反意疑问句很奇怪,想请教一下为什么.
1.I don't think you are right,aren't you ?
I don't think it is a good idea,is it?
这个是特殊的反意问句,一般的规则是前半部分否定,后半部分肯定,或者相反。但对于某些动词来说,其宾语从句中的否定按照英语的习惯要挪移到主句的谓语动词中来体现,实际上是从句否定。上面的句子意思是:我认为你不对,不是吗?/我觉得这不是个好注意,不是吗?所以这种由“I think / belive / suppose / guess ” 后带宾语从句的举行中,如果主句否定了,实际上是从句意义否定,只不过转移到了主句上,前面否定,反意部分要肯定。


2.She said he had broken his leg in the game ,hadn't he?为什么不用hadn't she ?

这是一般的宾语从句,和上面的不一样,要以从句的否定和肯定来判断,从句肯定,反问当然要用否定,并且和从句主语一致。

3.We think maths is less difficult than physics,isn't it ?
Mary must be unhappy without you at her birthday party ,isn't she ?

less 是否定意思的词,但它不是一个否定词,两者概念不一样,反问句所指的否定必须是语法的“助动词或情态动词的否定”,象 is / are /can /will /may / could 等 加上 not 才算是语法结构的否定,而less是一个副词,不是语法意义上的否定词,在句中无所谓否定。

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